您的孩子每天都在不假思索地使用不定式。“我想玩。”“她需要睡觉。”“我们去看电影了。” 这些都是不定式。它们是动词的“to”形式。不定式在英语中无处不在。它们表达目的,跟在某些动词之后,并完成许多常见的句子模式。掌握小学生常用的前 100 个不定式有助于孩子们自然而正确地使用这些重要的形式。本指南将解释什么是不定式,列出最重要的例子,并展示如何在家里练习。
含义:什么是不定式? 不定式是动词的基本形式,前面带有单词 to。To run, to eat, to play, to be, to have 都是不定式。不定式在句子中不是作为动词使用。它充当名词、形容词或副词。
想想这些句子。“我想玩。” 不定式 to play 告诉我想做什么。“她需要睡觉。” 不定式 to sleep 告诉她需要做什么。“我们去商店买牛奶。” 不定式 to buy 告诉我们为什么要去。
不定式与常规动词不同。它们不会因为不同的主语而改变形式。我们说“I want to go”和“she wants to go”。即使 wants 发生了变化,不定式 to go 仍然保持不变。
小学生常用的前 100 个不定式涵盖了孩子们需要的所有常见模式。
变位:不定式如何工作 不定式有特殊的语法规则。它们不遵循与主要动词相同的模式。理解这些规则有助于孩子们正确使用不定式。
不定式总是 to 加上动词的基本形式。To be, to have, to do, to go, to see, to eat。对于 he 或 she,没有添加 -s。没有 -ed 表示过去。没有 -ing。形式保持不变。
一些动词直接跟在不定式后面。常见的包括 want, need, like, love, hate, hope, plan, try, decide, learn, promise 和 forget。“I want to eat.”“She hopes to win.”“They plan to travel.”
一些动词后面跟着一个人,然后是不定式。常见的包括 tell, ask, want, need, help, teach 和 remind。“I told him to go.”“She asked me to help.”“They taught us to read.”
不定式可以是负面的。在不定式前加上 not。“I decided not to go.”“She told me not to worry.”“We chose not to wait.”
小学生常用的前 100 个不定式包括对所有这些模式的练习。
类别或列表:前 100 个不定式 以下是小学生常用的前 100 个不定式,按它们所跟随的动词分组。这些是孩子们最常使用和遇到的模式。
在 Want 之后的不定式 (15):to go, to come, to play, to eat, to drink, to sleep, to see, to watch, to read, to write, to draw, to sing, to dance, to run, to jump。“I want to go to the park.”“She wants to eat pizza.”“They want to play outside.”
在 Need 之后的不定式 (15):to rest, to study, to help, to clean, to finish, to start, to leave, to arrive, to buy, to get, to make, to do, to say, to ask, to find。“I need to rest after school.”“She needs to study for the test.”“We need to leave soon.”
在 Like/Love/Hate 之后的不定式 (15):to swim, to skate, to bike, to hike, to camp, to fish, to paint, to cook, to bake, to build, to fix, to solve, to explore, to discover, to create。“I like to swim in the pool.”“She loves to sing.”“He hates to wait.”
在 Hope/Plan 之后的不定式 (10):to visit, to travel, to become, to learn, to meet, to see, to go, to come, to try, to win。“I hope to visit Grandma.”“She plans to become a doctor.”“They hope to win the game.”
在 Try/Decide 之后的不定式 (10):to do, to make, to fix, to solve, to open, to close, to turn, to push, to pull, to lift。“I will try to do my best.”“She decided to make a cake.”“He tried to open the jar.”
在 Tell/Ask 之后的不定式(带人)(15):to go, to come, to stay, to wait, to help, to listen, to look, to sit, to stand, to speak, to be quiet, to be careful, to hurry, to slow down, to stop。“I told him to go home.”“She asked me to help.”“Mom told us to be quiet.”
在 Want/Need 之后的不定式(带人)(10):to help, to come, to go, to stay, to wait, to see, to talk, to play, to work, to study。“I want you to help me.”“She needs him to come.”“They want us to play with them.”
目的不定式 (10):to buy, to see, to find, to get, to meet, to watch, to hear, to learn, to ask, to show。“I went to the store to buy milk.”“She came to see me.”“We studied to learn new things.”
小学生常用的前 100 个不定式包括这些基本模式。孩子们每天都会用到它们。
日常生活实例:我们周围的不定式 不定式几乎出现在每一次对话中。它们表达愿望、需求、目的等等。指出它们有助于孩子们看到这些 to 形式是真实语言的一部分。
在早晨的日常生活中,我们使用不定式。“I want to sleep longer.”“I need to get dressed.”“I have to catch the bus.”“I like to eat cereal.”“I hope to be on time.” 每个不定式都表达了愿望、需求或偏好。
在用餐期间,不定式出现。“I want to have pizza.”“She needs to drink water.”“We like to eat together.”“I try to eat healthy.”“He asked me to pass the salt.” 不定式跟在许多常见动词之后。
在乘车时,我们使用不定式。“We need to go home.”“I want to see that movie.”“She hopes to arrive soon.”“He told me to buckle up.”“They plan to visit us.” 不定式表达意图。
在学校,不定式充满了每个科目。“I need to study.”“She wants to learn.”“We have to read this book.”“The teacher told us to listen.”“I forgot to do my homework.” 不定式是必不可少的。
在关于计划的对话中,不定式无处不在。“I want to go to the park.”“We plan to have a party.”“She hopes to come.”“They decided to stay home.”“I need to ask my mom.” 不定式表达未来的意图。
小学生常用的前 100 个不定式帮助孩子们注意到并使用这些模式。
可打印的抽认卡:学习的视觉工具 抽认卡使不定式具体化。一起创建和使用它们可以将学习变成一项活动。以下是使用抽认卡进行不定式练习的一些方法。
创建一面是不定式,另一面是例句的卡片。“to play”在正面。“I want to play.”在背面。“to eat”在正面。“She needs to eat.”在背面。“to go”在正面。“We plan to go.”在背面。您的孩子阅读不定式,并在句子中看到它。
创建动词卡,显示后面跟有不定式的常见动词。“want”“need”“like”“love”“hate”“hope”“plan”“try”“decide”“learn”“promise”“forget”。练习用每个动词加上一个不定式造句。
创建缺少不定式的句子卡。“I want ___.” (to play)“She needs ___.” (to eat)“We plan ___.” (to go)“He hopes ___.” (to win) 您的孩子填写正确的不定式。
创建回答“为什么”问题的目的卡。“你为什么去商店?”“To buy milk.”“她为什么学习?”“To pass the test.” 练习用目的不定式提问和回答。
学习活动或游戏:让不定式变得有趣 游戏将语法变成游戏。以下是一些游戏,可以帮助孩子们以有趣的方式练习小学生常用的前 100 个不定式。
I Want 游戏:练习 want + 不定式。轮流说出你想做的事情。“I want to eat pizza.”“I want to watch a movie.”“I want to visit Grandma.” 看看你能想到多少。
I Need 游戏:练习 need + 不定式。谈论你需要做的事情。“I need to brush my teeth.”“I need to finish my homework.”“I need to feed the cat.” 这将语法与日常责任联系起来。
目的游戏:练习目的不定式。问“你为什么这样做?”让你的孩子用不定式回答。“你为什么去厨房?”“To get a snack.”“你为什么打开书?”“To read.”“你为什么给奶奶打电话?”“To say happy birthday.”
不定式宾果游戏:创建宾果卡,每个方格中都有不定式。说出带有主要动词的句子。“want”+ 您的孩子覆盖一个不定式,如“to play”。“need”+ 您的孩子覆盖一个不定式,如“to eat”。第一个连成一排的人获胜。
Tell Me To 游戏:练习 tell 之后的不定式。互相使用 tell 命令。“Tell me to sit down.” 另一个人说“Sit down.” 然后“Tell me to stand up.”“Stand up.” 这表明 tell 如何引入不定式。
用不定式构建故事:一起构建一个故事,每个人都用一个不定式添加一个句子。“The girl wanted to find a treasure.”“She needed to solve the riddle.”“She hoped to discover gold.”“She decided to explore the cave.”“She found a map to guide her.” 故事在进行不定式练习的同时发展。
不定式寻宝游戏:一起阅读一本书,搜索不定式。每次你找到 to 后面跟着一个动词时,停下来注意它。谈论它遵循什么模式。它是在 want 之后吗?Need?表达目的?
学习做游戏:练习 learn + 不定式。谈论你已经学会做的事情。“I learned to ride a bike.”“She learned to swim.”“He learned to read.”“We learned to cook.” 这建立了关于成就的积极语言。
当您的孩子熟悉小学生常用的前 100 个不定式时,他们的英语会变得更加自然和完整。他们可以清楚地表达愿望和需求。他们可以解释目的和原因。他们可以遵循复杂的句子模式。不定式在英语中无处不在,掌握它们有助于孩子们理解和产生复杂的语言。将练习与真实的对话和活动联系起来。当你使用不定式时,指出它们。当你的孩子以新的方式使用不定式时,庆祝一下。这些 to 形式为表达打开了无限的可能性。

