您的孩子每天都會用到像 swimming、running 和 eating 這樣的詞彙。這些 -ing 詞可以像動詞一樣在句子中使用，例如「I am swimming」。但它們也可以像名詞一樣使用。當一個 -ing 詞像名詞一樣使用時，它就被稱為動名詞。動名詞在英語中無處不在。它們可以是主語、賓語和介詞的賓語。掌握小學生的前 100 個動名詞可以幫助孩子們正確、自然地使用這些多功能的詞彙。本指南將解釋什麼是動名詞，列出最重要的例子，並展示如何在家里練習。
含義：什麼是動名詞？ 動名詞是以 -ing 結尾的動詞形式，用作名詞。它看起來與現在分詞完全相同，但它做的是不同的工作。現在分詞有助於構成連續時態。「I am running。」動名詞用作名詞。「Running is fun。」
想想這些句子。「Swimming is good exercise。」動名詞 swimming 是句子的主語。「I enjoy reading。」動名詞 reading 是動詞 enjoy 的賓語。「She is good at drawing。」動名詞 drawing 是介詞 at 的賓語。
動名詞允許我們將活動視為事物。與其說「I like that I swim」，我們可以說「I like swimming」。這更簡單，也更自然。
小學生的前 100 個動名詞涵蓋了孩子們需要的所有常見動名詞。
變位：動名詞如何運作 動名詞有特殊的語法規則。它們是通過將 -ing 添加到動詞的基本形式來形成的。Play 變成 playing。Run 變成 running。Swim 變成 swimming。有些動詞會改變拼寫。Make 變成 making（去掉 e）。Run 在添加 -ing 之前將 n 加倍。
動名詞可以在句子中的許多位置使用。它們可以是主語。「Singing makes me happy。」它們可以是賓語。「I love dancing。」它們可以跟在介詞後面。「Thank you for helping。」它們可以跟在某些動詞後面。「She enjoys painting。」
有些動詞總是跟著動名詞。常見的包括 enjoy、like、love、hate、dislike、avoid、consider、discuss、finish、practice、quit、recommend 和 suggest。「I enjoy swimming。」「She finished eating。」「They discussed going to the park。」
動名詞可以像動詞一樣有賓語。「I enjoy reading books。」動名詞 reading 有一個賓語 books。它們一起構成一個動名詞短語。
動名詞可以是負面的。在動名詞前加上 not。「I enjoy not worrying about homework。」「She suggested not going out in the rain。」
小學生的前 100 個動名詞包括對所有這些模式的練習。
類別或列表：前 100 個動名詞 以下是小學生的前 100 個動名詞，按類別分組。這些是孩子們最常用和遇到的動名詞。
用作主語的動名詞 (20)：Swimming is fun. Running is good exercise. Reading helps you learn. Writing improves your skills. Drawing makes me happy. Singing is my favorite. Dancing makes me tired. Cooking takes time. Baking smells delicious. Painting is relaxing. Fishing is peaceful. Camping is exciting. Hiking is healthy. Skiing is cold. Skating is tricky. Jumping is easy. Climbing is hard. Flying is a dream. Dreaming is free. Thinking is important. 這些動名詞用作句子的主語。
在 Like/Love/Hate/Enjoy 之後的動名詞 (25)：I like swimming. I love reading. I hate waiting. I enjoy drawing. She likes singing. She loves dancing. She hates cleaning. He enjoys playing. He likes running. He loves cooking. He hates studying. They enjoy traveling. They like camping. They love hiking. They hate losing. We enjoy watching movies. We like eating pizza. We love playing games. We hate doing homework. Mom enjoys baking. Dad loves fishing. My sister likes painting. My brother enjoys building. My friend likes skating. Everyone enjoys having fun. 這些在表示喜歡和不喜歡的動詞後使用動名詞。
在介詞後的動名詞 (25)：Thank you for helping. I'm tired of waiting. She's good at drawing. He's interested in learning. They talked about going. We thought about leaving. I'm excited about visiting. She's afraid of flying. He's tired of running. They're happy about winning. We're sorry for forgetting. I'm used to waking up early. She's accustomed to studying hard. He insisted on coming. They apologized for being late. We look forward to seeing you. I dream of traveling. She thinks about becoming a doctor. He worries about failing. They succeeded in finishing. We believe in trying. I'm thinking of buying. She's capable of doing it. He's fond of reading. They're tired of waiting. 這些在介詞後使用動名詞。
在特定動詞後的動名詞 (20)：I enjoy swimming. She finished eating. He practiced playing. They discussed going. We considered moving. I suggested waiting. She recommended trying. He admitted forgetting. They denied stealing. We imagined flying. I miss seeing you. She mentioned coming. He avoided talking. They kept laughing. We started running. I began reading. She continued writing. He stopped crying. They quit fighting. We finished cleaning. 這些在特定動詞後使用動名詞。
複合名詞中的動名詞 (10)：swimming pool, reading room, dining table, writing desk, fishing boat, camping gear, hiking boots, baking soda, cooking oil, drawing paper. 這些將動名詞與名詞結合起來，以命名某物。「We went to the swimming pool.」「She sat at the dining table.」
小學生的前 100 個動名詞包括這些重要的例子。孩子們每天都會用到它們。
日常生活例子：我們身邊的動名詞 動名詞不斷出現在日常語言中。它們命名活動並跟在某些動詞和介詞後面。指出它們可以幫助孩子們看到這些 -ing 名詞是真實交流的一部分。
在早晨的日常生活中，我們使用動名詞。「Brushing my teeth is important.」「I like eating breakfast.」「I enjoy reading on the bus.」「Getting dressed takes time.」「I hate rushing.」每個動名詞都命名一項活動。
在用餐時，會出現動名詞。「I love eating pizza.」「Cooking is fun.」「Thank you for making dinner.」「I'm tired of chewing.」「Sharing is nice.」動名詞跟在動詞和介詞後面。
在乘車時，我們使用動名詞。「I enjoy looking out the window.」「Driving carefully is important.」「Thank you for waiting.」「I'm excited about going to the park.」「Singing along to songs is fun.」動名詞命名活動。
在學校，動名詞填滿了每個科目。「Reading is my favorite.」「I enjoy writing stories.」「Learning new things is exciting.」「Thank you for helping me.」「Playing at recess is the best.」動名詞無處不在。
在關於愛好的對話中，動名詞是必不可少的。「I like swimming.」「She enjoys dancing.」「He loves playing soccer.」「They're good at drawing.」「We're interested in learning guitar.」動名詞命名我們喜歡的活動。
小學生的前 100 個動名詞可以幫助孩子們注意到並使用這些 -ing 名詞。
可列印的抽認卡：學習的視覺工具 抽認卡使動名詞具體化。一起創建和使用它們可以將學習變成一項活動。以下是一些使用抽認卡進行動名詞練習的方法。
創建一面有動名詞，另一面有例句的卡片。「swimming」在正面。「Swimming is fun.」在背面。「reading」在正面。「I like reading.」在背面。「helping」在正面。「Thank you for helping.」在背面。您的孩子讀出動名詞並在句子中看到它。
創建顯示不同用法的類別卡。一張卡片用於「用作主語的動名詞」，並附有示例。一張卡片用於「在 Like/Love/Hate 之後的動名詞」，並附有示例。一張卡片用於「在介詞後的動名詞」，並附有示例。您的孩子將動名詞分類到正確的類別中。
創建缺少動名詞的句子卡。「___ is fun.」（Swimming）「I like ___.」（reading）「Thank you for ___.」（helping）「She's good at ___.」（drawing）您的孩子填寫正確的動名詞。
創建顯示活動的圖片卡。一張有人游泳的圖片。您的孩子說「swimming」。一張有人閱讀的圖片。「reading」。一張有人幫助的圖片。「helping」。練習用每個動名詞造句。
學習活動或遊戲：讓動名詞變得有趣 遊戲將語法變成遊戲。以下是一些幫助孩子們以有趣的方式練習小學生的前 100 個動名詞的遊戲。
I Enjoy 遊戲：練習 enjoy + 動名詞。輪流說出您喜歡的事情。「I enjoy swimming.」「I enjoy reading.」「I enjoy playing video games.」看看你能想到多少。
I Like 遊戲：練習 like、love、hate + 動名詞。「I like drawing.」「I love singing.」「I hate cleaning my room.」這可以建立對偏好的詞彙量。
Thank You For 遊戲：練習介詞 for 後面的動名詞。輪流感謝彼此。「Thank you for helping me.」「Thank you for coming.」「Thank you for sharing.」「Thank you for waiting.」這可以建立禮貌的語言。
動名詞賓果遊戲：創建每個方格中都有動名詞的賓果卡。喊出缺少動名詞的句子。「I enjoy ___.」您的孩子覆蓋「swimming」。「Thank you for .」您的孩子覆蓋「helping」。「 is fun.」您的孩子覆蓋「Reading」。第一個連成一排的人獲勝。
主語遊戲：練習用作主語的動名詞。造出動名詞在前頭的句子。「Swimming is...」「Reading helps...」「Cooking takes...」「Running makes me...」您的孩子完成每個句子。
介詞遊戲：練習介詞後的動名詞。用常見的介詞造句。「Thank you for...」「I'm good at...」「I'm tired of...」「We talked about...」「She left without...」您的孩子用動名詞完成每個句子。
動名詞尋找遊戲：一起閱讀一本書，並搜索動名詞。每次找到一個 -ing 詞時，決定它是動名詞還是連續動詞的一部分。「I am swimming」有一個連續動詞。「I like swimming」有一個動名詞。談論差異。
活動猜字遊戲：表演活動，但不要說話。您的孩子猜測動名詞。表演游泳。表演閱讀。表演烹飪。表演跳舞。這將動名詞與身體動作聯繫起來。
隨著您的孩子熟悉小學生的前 100 個動名詞，他們的英語會變得更加自然和流利。他們可以將活動視為事物。他們可以在介詞後使用動名詞。他們可以遵循 enjoy 和 finish 等動詞的模式。動名詞在英語中無處不在，掌握它們可以幫助孩子們聽起來像母語人士。保持練習與真實的活動和對話聯繫起來。在使用動名詞時指出它們。當您的孩子在新環境中使用動名詞時，請慶祝。這些 -ing 名詞是談論孩子們喜歡做的一切的必備工具。