Madame, seeing me pacific and unresentful, no doubt judged that I was deceived by her excuse; for her fright dissolved away, and she was soon so importunate to have me give an exhibition and kill somebody, that the thing grew to be embarrassing. However, to my relief she was presently interrupted by the call to prayers. I will say this much for the nobility: that, tyrannical, murderous, rapacious, and morally rotten as they were, they were deeply and enthusiastically religious. Nothing could divert them from the regular and faithful performance of the pieties enjoined by the Church. More than once I had seen a noble who had gotten his enemy at a disadvantage, stop to pray before cutting his throat; more than once I had seen a noble, after ambushing and despatching his enemy, retire to the nearest wayside shrine and humbly give thanks, without even waiting to rob the body. There was to be nothing finer or sweeter in the life of even Benvenuto Cellini, that rough-hewn saint, ten centuries later. All the nobles of Britain, with their families, attended divine service morning and night daily, in their private chapels, and even the worst of them had family worship five or six times a day besides. The credit of this belonged entirely to the Church. Although I was no friend to that Catholic Church, I was obliged to admit this. And often, in spite of me, I found myself saying, “What would this country be without the Church?”
After prayers we had dinner in a great banqueting hall which was lighted by hundreds of grease-jets, and everything was as fine and lavish and rudely splendid as might become the royal degree of the hosts. At the head of the hall, on a dais, was the table of the king, queen, and their son, Prince Uwaine. Stretching down the hall from this, was the general table, on the floor. At this, above the salt, sat the visiting nobles and the grown members of their families, of both sexes,—the resident Court, in effect—sixty-one persons; below the salt sat minor officers of the household, with their principal subordinates: altogether a hundred and eighteen persons sitting, and about as many liveried servants standing behind their chairs, or serving in one capacity or another. It was a very fine show. In a gallery a band with cymbals, horns, harps, and other horrors, opened the proceedings with what seemed to be the crude first-draft or original agony of the wail known to later centuries as “In the Sweet Bye and Bye.” It was new, and ought to have been rehearsed a little more. For some reason or other the queen had the composer hanged, after dinner.
After this music, the priest who stood behind the royal table said a noble long grace in ostensible Latin. Then the battalion of waiters broke away from their posts, and darted, rushed, flew, fetched and carried, and the mighty feeding began; no words anywhere, but absorbing attention to business. The rows of chops opened and shut in vast unison, and the sound of it was like to the muffled burr of subterranean machinery.
The havoc continued an hour and a half, and unimaginable was the destruction of substantials. Of the chief feature of the feast —the huge wild boar that lay stretched out so portly and imposing at the start—nothing was left but the semblance of a hoop-skirt; and he was but the type and symbol of what had happened to all the other dishes.
With the pastries and so on, the heavy drinking began—and the talk. Gallon after gallon of wine and mead disappeared, and everybody got comfortable, then happy, then sparklingly joyous—both sexes, —and by and by pretty noisy. Men told anecdotes that were terrific to hear, but nobody blushed; and when the nub was sprung, the assemblage let go with a horse-laugh that shook the fortress. Ladies answered back with historiettes that would almost have made Queen Margaret of Navarre or even the great Elizabeth of England hide behind a handkerchief, but nobody hid here, but only laughed —howled, you may say. In pretty much all of these dreadful stories, ecclesiastics were the hardy heroes, but that didn’t worry the chaplain any, he had his laugh with the rest; more than that, upon invitation he roared out a song which was of as daring a sort as any that was sung that night.
By midnight everybody was fagged out, and sore with laughing; and, as a rule, drunk: some weepingly, some affectionately, some hilariously, some quarrelsomely, some dead and under the table. Of the ladies, the worst spectacle was a lovely young duchess, whose wedding-eve this was; and indeed she was a spectacle, sure enough. Just as she was she could have sat in advance for the portrait of the young daughter of the Regent d’Orleans, at the famous dinner whence she was carried, foul-mouthed, intoxicated, and helpless, to her bed, in the lost and lamented days of the Ancient Regime.
Suddenly, even while the priest was lifting his hands, and all conscious heads were bowed in reverent expectation of the coming blessing, there appeared under the arch of the far-off door at the bottom of the hall an old and bent and white-haired lady, leaning upon a crutch-stick; and she lifted the stick and pointed it toward the queen and cried out:
“The wrath and curse of God fall upon you, woman without pity, who have slain mine innocent grandchild and made desolate this old heart that had nor chick, nor friend nor stay nor comfort in all this world but him!”
Everybody crossed himself in a grisly fright, for a curse was an awful thing to those people; but the queen rose up majestic, with the death-light in her eye, and flung back this ruthless command:
“Lay hands on her! To the stake with her!”
The guards left their posts to obey. It was a shame; it was a cruel thing to see. What could be done? Sandy gave me a look; I knew she had another inspiration. I said:
“Do what you choose.”
She was up and facing toward the queen in a moment. She indicated me, and said:
“Madame, he saith this may not be. Recall the commandment, or he will dissolve the castle and it shall vanish away like the instable fabric of a dream!”
Confound it, what a crazy contract to pledge a person to! What if the queen—
But my consternation subsided there, and my panic passed off; for the queen, all in a collapse, made no show of resistance but gave a countermanding sign and sunk into her seat. When she reached it she was sober. So were many of the others. The assemblage rose, whiffed ceremony to the winds, and rushed for the door like a mob; overturning chairs, smashing crockery, tugging, struggling, shouldering, crowding—anything to get out before I should change my mind and puff the castle into the measureless dim vacancies of space. Well, well, well, they were a superstitious lot. It is all a body can do to conceive of it.
The poor queen was so scared and humbled that she was even afraid to hang the composer without first consulting me. I was very sorry for her—indeed, any one would have been, for she was really suffering; so I was willing to do anything that was reasonable, and had no desire to carry things to wanton extremities. I therefore considered the matter thoughtfully, and ended by having the musicians ordered into our presence to play that Sweet Bye and Bye again, which they did. Then I saw that she was right, and gave her permission to hang the whole band. This little relaxation of sternness had a good effect upon the queen. A statesman gains little by the arbitrary exercise of iron-clad authority upon all occasions that offer, for this wounds the just pride of his subordinates, and thus tends to undermine his strength. A little concession, now and then, where it can do no harm, is the wiser policy.
Now that the queen was at ease in her mind once more, and measurably happy, her wine naturally began to assert itself again, and it got a little the start of her. I mean it set her music going—her silver bell of a tongue. Dear me, she was a master talker. It would not become me to suggest that it was pretty late and that I was a tired man and very sleepy. I wished I had gone off to bed when I had the chance. Now I must stick it out; there was no other way. So she tinkled along and along, in the otherwise profound and ghostly hush of the sleeping castle, until by and by there came, as if from deep down under us, a far-away sound, as of a muffled shriek —with an expression of agony about it that made my flesh crawl. The queen stopped, and her eyes lighted with pleasure; she tilted her graceful head as a bird does when it listens. The sound bored its way up through the stillness again.
“What is it?” I said.
“It is truly a stubborn soul, and endureth long. It is many hours now.”
“Endureth what?”
“The rack. Come—ye shall see a blithe sight. An he yield not his secret now, ye shall see him torn asunder.”
What a silky smooth hellion she was; and so composed and serene, when the cords all down my legs were hurting in sympathy with that man’s pain. Conducted by mailed guards bearing flaring torches, we tramped along echoing corridors, and down stone stairways dank and dripping, and smelling of mould and ages of imprisoned night —a chill, uncanny journey and a long one, and not made the shorter or the cheerier by the sorceress’s talk, which was about this sufferer and his crime. He had been accused by an anonymous informer, of having killed a stag in the royal preserves. I said:
“Anonymous testimony isn’t just the right thing, your Highness. It were fairer to confront the accused with the accuser.”
“I had not thought of that, it being but of small consequence. But an I would, I could not, for that the accuser came masked by night, and told the forester, and straightway got him hence again, and so the forester knoweth him not.”
“Then is this the only person who saw the stag killed?”
“Marry, no man saw the killing, but this saw this hardy wretch near to the spot where the stag lay, and came with right loyal zeal and betrayed him to the forester.”
“So the was near the dead stag, too? Isn’t it just possible that he did the killing himself? His loyal zeal—in a mask—looks just a shade suspicious. But what is your highness’s idea for racking the prisoner? Where is the profit?”
“He will not confess, else; and then were his soul lost. For his crime his life is forfeited by the law—and of a surety will I see that he payeth it!—but it were peril to my own soul to let him die unconfessed and unabsolved. Nay, I were a fool to fling me into hell for his accommodation.”
“But, your Highness, suppose he has nothing to confess?”
“As to that, we shall see, anon. An I rack him to death and he confess not, it will peradventure show that he had indeed naught to confess—ye will grant that that is sooth? Then shall I not be damned for an unconfessed man that had naught to confess —wherefore, I shall be safe.”
It was the stubborn unreasoning of the time. It was useless to argue with her. Arguments have no chance against petrified training; they wear it as little as the waves wear a cliff. And her training was everybody’s. The brightest intellect in the land would not have been able to see that her position was defective.
As we entered the rack-cell I caught a picture that will not go from me; I wish it would. A native young giant of thirty or thereabouts lay stretched upon the frame on his back, with his wrists and ankles tied to ropes which led over windlasses at either end. There was no color in him; his features were contorted and set, and sweat-drops stood upon his forehead. A priest bent over him on each side; the executioner stood by; guards were on duty; smoking torches stood in sockets along the walls; in a corner crouched a poor young creature, her face drawn with anguish, a half-wild and hunted look in her eyes, and in her lap lay a little child asleep. Just as we stepped across the threshold the executioner gave his machine a slight turn, which wrung a cry from both the prisoner and the woman; but I shouted, and the executioner released the strain without waiting to see who spoke. I could not let this horror go on; it would have killed me to see it. I asked the queen to let me clear the place and speak to the prisoner privately; and when she was going to object I spoke in a low voice and said I did not want to make a scene before her servants, but I must have my way; for I was King Arthur’s representative, and was speaking in his name. She saw she had to yield. I asked her to indorse me to these people, and then leave me. It was not pleasant for her, but she took the pill; and even went further than I was meaning to require. I only wanted the backing of her own authority; but she said:
“Ye will do in all things as this lord shall command. It is The Boss.”
It was certainly a good word to conjure with: you could see it by the squirming of these rats. The queen’s guards fell into line, and she and they marched away, with their torch-bearers, and woke the echoes of the cavernous tunnels with the measured beat of their retreating footfalls. I had the prisoner taken from the rack and placed upon his bed, and medicaments applied to his hurts, and wine given him to drink. The woman crept near and looked on, eagerly, lovingly, but timorously,—like one who fears a repulse; indeed, she tried furtively to touch the man’s forehead, and jumped back, the picture of fright, when I turned unconsciously toward her. It was pitiful to see.
“Lord,” I said, “stroke him, lass, if you want to. Do anything you’re a mind to; don’t mind me.”
Why, her eyes were as grateful as an animal’s, when you do it a kindness that it understands. The baby was out of her way and she had her cheek against the man’s in a minute and her hands fondling his hair, and her happy tears running down. The man revived and caressed his wife with his eyes, which was all he could do. I judged I might clear the den, now, and I did; cleared it of all but the family and myself. Then I said:
“Now, my friend, tell me your side of this matter; I know the other side.”
The man moved his head in sign of refusal. But the woman looked pleased—as it seemed to me—pleased with my suggestion. I went on—
“You know of me?”
“Yes. All do, in Arthur’s realms.”
“If my reputation has come to you right and straight, you should not be afraid to speak.”
The woman broke in, eagerly:
“Ah, fair my lord, do thou persuade him! Thou canst an thou wilt. Ah, he suffereth so; and it is for me—for me ! And how can I bear it? I would I might see him die—a sweet, swift death; oh, my Hugo, I cannot bear this one!”
And she fell to sobbing and grovelling about my feet, and still imploring. Imploring what? The man’s death? I could not quite get the bearings of the thing. But Hugo interrupted her and said:
“Peace! Ye wit not what ye ask. Shall I starve whom I love, to win a gentle death? I wend thou knewest me better.”
“Well,” I said, “I can’t quite make this out. It is a puzzle. Now—”
“Ah, dear my lord, an ye will but persuade him! Consider how these his tortures wound me! Oh, and he will not speak!—whereas, the healing, the solace that lie in a blessed swift death—”
“What are you maundering about? He’s going out from here a free man and whole—he’s not going to die.”
The man’s white face lit up, and the woman flung herself at me in a most surprising explosion of joy, and cried out:
“He is saved!—for it is the king’s word by the mouth of the king’s servant—Arthur, the king whose word is gold!”
“Well, then you do believe I can be trusted, after all. Why didn’t you before?”
“Who doubted? Not I, indeed; and not she.”
“Well, why wouldn’t you tell me your story, then?”
“Ye had made no promise; else had it been otherwise.”
“I see, I see.... And yet I believe I don’t quite see, after all. You stood the torture and refused to confess; which shows plain enough to even the dullest understanding that you had nothing to confess—”
“I, my lord? How so? It was I that killed the deer!”
“You did ? Oh, dear, this is the most mixed-up business that ever—”
“Dear lord, I begged him on my knees to confess, but—”
“You did ! It gets thicker and thicker. What did you want him to do that for?”
“Sith it would bring him a quick death and save him all this cruel pain.”
“Well—yes, there is reason in that. But he didn’t want the quick death.”
“He? Why, of a surety he did .”
“Well, then, why in the world didn’t he confess?”
“Ah, sweet sir, and leave my wife and chick without bread and shelter?”
“Oh, heart of gold, now I see it! The bitter law takes the convicted man’s estate and beggars his widow and his orphans. They could torture you to death, but without conviction or confession they could not rob your wife and baby. You stood by them like a man; and you—true wife and the woman that you are—you would have bought him release from torture at cost to yourself of slow starvation and death—well, it humbles a body to think what your sex can do when it comes to self-sacrifice. I’ll book you both for my colony; you’ll like it there; it’s a Factory where I’m going to turn groping and grubbing automata into men .”
Antecedentes e Introducción al Autor
Esta historia es un vívido extracto de la obra menos conocida de Mark Twain, que mezcla la ficción histórica con elementos fantásticos. Twain, uno de los autores más célebres de Estados Unidos, es mejor conocido por clásicos como Las aventuras de Tom Sawyer y Las aventuras de Huckleberry Finn. Su escritura a menudo combina una aguda crítica social con humor y una profunda perspicacia humana. Esta historia en particular refleja la fascinación de Twain por la época medieval y la compleja naturaleza de la moralidad humana, la autoridad y la justicia.
Interpretación Detallada y Significado
El pasaje ilustra una escena de banquete medieval llena de grandeza, superstición y crueldad. Los nobles, a pesar de su naturaleza violenta y corrupta, son profundamente religiosos, lo que muestra las contradicciones de la época. La dureza de la reina y la brutal tortura del prisionero revelan el lado oscuro de la justicia y el poder en ese tiempo. Sin embargo, la intervención del narrador, que representa una autoridad más ilustrada y misericordiosa, introduce un tema de compasión y razón que vence la crueldad y la superstición.
La historia critica el mal uso del poder y los peligros de la adhesión ciega a la tradición y la ley sin justicia. También destaca la fuerza del amor y el sacrificio humanos, como se ve en la negativa del prisionero a confesar falsamente para proteger el bienestar de su familia.
Lecciones y Perspectivas para Estudiantes
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Pensamiento Crítico sobre la Autoridad: La historia anima a los lectores a cuestionar la autoridad y las leyes que pueden ser injustas o crueles. La obediencia ciega puede llevar al sufrimiento, por lo que es importante pensar críticamente y defender la justicia.
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Compasión y Empatía: La misericordia del narrador y la devoción de la esposa enseñan el valor de la bondad y la empatía, incluso en circunstancias difíciles. Estas cualidades ayudan a construir mejores comunidades y relaciones.
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El Poder del Sacrificio: Las acciones del prisionero y su esposa muestran cómo el amor a menudo implica sacrificio. Entender esto puede ayudar a los estudiantes a apreciar la importancia de apoyar y proteger a sus seres queridos.
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Contradicciones Religiosas y Culturales: La profunda religiosidad de los nobles junto con su comportamiento violento invita a la reflexión sobre cómo las personas pueden mantener creencias y comportamientos contradictorios, lo que lleva a los estudiantes a considerar la integridad y la coherencia en sus propios valores.
Aplicación en la Vida, el Aprendizaje y las Situaciones Sociales
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En la Escuela: Los estudiantes pueden aprender a cuestionar reglas o prácticas injustas y abogar por la justicia con respeto. También pueden practicar la empatía al comprender los sentimientos y desafíos de sus compañeros.
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En la Vida Social: La historia anima a defender a amigos y familiares, mostrando lealtad y apoyo incluso cuando es difícil.
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Crecimiento Personal: Desarrollar la compasión y el pensamiento crítico ayuda a los estudiantes a convertirse en adultos reflexivos y responsables que pueden navegar por situaciones morales complejas.
Cultivando Rasgos Positivos de la Historia
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Coraje: Como el narrador que desafía las órdenes de la reina, los estudiantes pueden aprender a ser valientes al defender lo que es correcto.
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Misericordia: Mostrar bondad a los demás, especialmente a los que sufren, es una poderosa lección de este cuento.
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Integridad: Ser honesto y coherente en las propias creencias y acciones, incluso bajo presión, es vital.
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Amor y Lealtad: La devoción de la esposa ejemplifica la fuerza que se encuentra en las relaciones afectuosas.
Al reflexionar sobre estos temas, los estudiantes pueden enriquecer su comprensión de la historia, la naturaleza humana y la ética, y aplicar estas lecciones para convertirse en mejores estudiantes y ciudadanos.
