原诗:
In sixth grade Mrs. Walker
slapped the back of my head
and made me stand in the corner
for not knowing the difference
between
persimmon
and
precision
.
How to choose
persimmons. This is precision.
Ripe ones are soft and brown-spotted.
Sniff the bottoms. The sweet one
will be fragrant. How to eat:
put the knife away, lay down newspaper.
Peel the skin tenderly, not to tear the meat.
Chew the skin, suck it,
and swallow. Now, eat
the meat of the fruit,
so sweet,
all of it, to the heart.
Donna undresses, her stomach is white.
In the yard, dewy and shivering
with crickets, we lie naked,
face-up, face-down.
I teach her Chinese.
Crickets:
chiu chiu
. Dew: I’ve forgotten.
Naked:???I’ve forgotten.
Ni, wo
:???you and me.
I part her legs,
remember to tell her
she is beautiful as the moon.
Other words
that got me into trouble were
fight
and
fright
,
wren
and
yarn
.
Fight was what I did when I was frightened,
Fright was what I felt when I was fighting.
Wrens are small, plain birds,
yarn is what one knits with.
Wrens are soft as yarn.
My mother made birds out of yarn.
I loved to watch her tie the stuff;
a bird, a rabbit, a wee man.
Mrs. Walker brought a persimmon to class
and cut it up
so everyone could taste
a
Chinese apple
. Knowing
it wasn’t ripe or sweet, I didn’t eat
but watched the other faces.
My mother said every persimmon has a sun
inside, something golden, glowing,
warm as my face.
Once, in the cellar, I found two wrapped in newspaper,
forgotten and not yet ripe.
I took them and set both on my bedroom windowsill,
where each morning a cardinal
sang,
The sun, the sun
.
Finally understanding
he was going blind,
my father sat up all one night
waiting for a song, a ghost.
I gave him the persimmons,
swelled, heavy as sadness,
and sweet as love.
This year, in the muddy lighting
of my parents’ cellar, I rummage, looking
for something I lost.
My father sits on the tired, wooden stairs,
black cane between his knees,
hand over hand, gripping the handle.
He’s so happy that I’ve come home.
I ask how his eyes are, a stupid question.
All gone
, he answers.
Under some blankets, I find a box.
Inside the box I find three scrolls.
I sit beside him and untie
three paintings by my father:
Hibiscus leaf and a white flower.
Two cats preening.
Two persimmons, so full they want to drop from the cloth.
He raises both hands to touch the cloth,
asks,
Which is this
?
This is persimmons, Father
.
Oh, the feel of the wolftail on the silk,
the strength, the tense
precision in the wrist.
I painted them hundreds of times
eyes closed. These I painted blind.
Some things never leave a person:
scent of the hair of one you love,
the texture of persimmons,
in your palm, the ripe weight.
诗歌的分析与解读
这首诗生动地捕捉了围绕记忆、语言、家庭和感官体验的深刻个人情感旅程。诗人回忆起童年时刻,当时老师沃克夫人纠正了“柿子”和“精确”这两个词之间的误解,为语言和意义的丰富探索奠定了基础。诗歌在字面与隐喻之间流畅地移动,使用柿子作为温暖、爱与时间流逝的象征。
诗歌的叙述始于一个学校的记忆,形成了纪律的严厉与选择和吃柿子的温柔、细致过程之间的对比。关于如何选择和吃这种水果的详细描述反映了日常生活中的精确性,强调了细致的关注和温柔。诗人与唐娜的亲密时刻,学习中文单词并分享脆弱,突显了连接与纯真的主题。
后来,诗歌触及诗人的家庭生活,特别是与逐渐失明的父亲之间的关系。柿子成为爱与失落的深刻象征,以及记忆与艺术的持久性。父亲即使在失去视力后仍然创作的柿子画作,暗示了韧性和创造力的持久力量。感官图像——头发的气味、果实的质地和重量——唤起了某些经历是如何深深嵌入我们意识中的。
背景与作者介绍
这首诗的作者是李扬李,一位华裔美国当代诗人。他的作品常常探讨家庭历史、身份、记忆和移民经历的主题。李的诗歌以其抒情的美和情感的深度而闻名,常常借用个人和文化记忆来创造对爱与失落的普遍反思。
这首诗反映了李自己的背景,包括他的家庭历史和父亲的艺术才能。柿子,这种在东亚常见的水果,作为文化象征,连接着他的遗产和美国的成长经历。诗歌的亲密语调和生动的意象邀请读者与童年、家庭纽带和衰老的苦乐参半的本质产生共鸣。
对儿童和学生的教育价值与启示
这首诗为年轻读者和学生提供了几个有价值的课程:
- 语言与词汇: 这首诗强调了理解词语微妙差异的重要性(例如,柿子与精确、打斗与惊吓)。这可以鼓励学生密切关注语言的细微差别,扩展他们的词汇。
- 文化意识: 通过对中文语言和习俗的引用,这首诗向儿童介绍了多元文化的视角,培养对不同文化的尊重和好奇心。
- 感官学习: 关于如何选择和吃柿子的详细描述激发了感官,鼓励学生更仔细地观察和欣赏周围的世界。
- 情感智力: 诗歌探讨了复杂的情感,如恐惧、爱、失落和韧性。讨论这些主题可以帮助学生发展同理心和情感理解。
- 艺术与创造力: 父亲的画作和“盲画”的隐喻激发了关于创造力、毅力以及艺术如何表达超越语言的情感的讨论。
生活与学习中的实际应用
- 语言艺术: 教师可以利用这首诗教授同音词、词汇和诗歌手法,如意象和隐喻。
- 文化研究: 这首诗可以作为关于中国文化和移民经历的课程的一部分。
- 科学与自然: 关于柿子的描述可以引导关于水果成熟、感官观察和营养的课程。
- 情感发展: 这首诗可以作为关于家庭关系和应对变化的对话的起点。
- 艺术教育: 学生可以创作受诗歌意象启发的艺术作品,探索如何以视觉方式传达情感。
阅读理解问题
- 叙述者在沃克夫人的课堂上犯了什么错误,为什么这很重要?
- 诗歌如何描述选择和吃柿子的过程?
- 柿子在叙述者与父亲之间的关系中象征着什么?
- 诗歌如何利用感官细节创造生动的图像?举两个例子。
- 当叙述者回忆父亲的失明和画作时,经历了什么情感?
- 为什么叙述者提到教唐娜中文单词?这一时刻代表了什么?
- 诗歌如何探讨记忆的主题?
- 艺术在诗歌中扮演了什么角色?
- 诗歌如何将文化身份与个人经历联系起来?
- 读者可以从这首诗中学到关于语言和沟通的哪些课程?
阅读理解问题的答案
- 叙述者混淆了“柿子”和“精确”这两个词,这很重要,因为它显示了对语言的误解,导致了惩罚,但也引入了语言精确性的主题。
- 诗歌描述选择成熟的柿子为柔软和棕色斑点,闻底部的香气,小心地剥皮,温柔地吃果实。
- 柿子象征着温暖、爱、记忆以及叙述者与父亲之间的联系,尤其是当父亲失去视力时。
- 感官细节包括柿子底部的气味和果实皮肤与果肉的质地。这些细节使体验生动而具体。
- 叙述者感到悲伤、爱和深深的失落,但也对父亲在失明后仍然画画的韧性感到钦佩。
- 教唐娜中文单词代表了亲密、文化联系和童年友谊的纯真。
- 诗歌通过感官体验和家庭故事探讨记忆,展示了记忆如何在时间改变人们时依然存在。
- 艺术被描绘为一种强大的表达和记忆形式,尤其是通过父亲即使在失明时创作的画作。
- 诗歌通过将中文语言、习俗和象征融入叙述者的生活故事,连接了文化身份与个人经历。
- 读者了解到理解语言的重要性,以及词语如何承载深刻的个人和文化意义。
这首诗是语言学习、文化欣赏、情感成长和艺术启发的丰富资源,使其成为教育环境中的宝贵作品。
















