原诗：
<Field
The wind sprays pale dirt into my mouth
The small, almost invisible scars
On my hands.
The pores in my throat and elbows
Have taken in a seed of dirt of their own.
After a day in the grape fields near Rolinda
A fine silt, washed by sweat,
Has settled into the lines
On my wrists and palms.
Already I am becoming the valley,
A soil that sprouts nothing.
For any of us.
Wind
A dry wind over the valley
Peeled mountains, grain by grain,
To small slopes, loose dirt
Where red ants tunnel.
The wind strokes
The skulls and spines of cattle
To white dust, to nothing,
Covers the spiked tracks of beetles,
Of tumbleweed, of sparrows
That pecked the ground for insects.
Evenings, when I am in the yard weeding,
The wind picks up the breath of my armpits
Like dust, swirls it
Miles away
And drops it
On the ear of a rabid dog,
And I take on another life.
Wind
When you got up this morning the sun
Blazed an hour in the sky,
A lizard hid
Under the curled leaves of manzanita
And winked its dark lids.
Later, the sky grayed,
And the cold wind you breathed
Was moving under your skin and already far
From the small hives of your lungs.
Stars
At dusk the first stars appear.
Not one eager finger points toward them.
A little later the stars spread with the night
And an orange moon rises
To lead them, like a shepherd, toward dawn.
Sun
In June the sun is a bonnet of light
Coming up,
Little by little,
From behind a skyline of pine.
The pastures sway with fiddle-neck,
Tassels of foxtail.
At Piedra
A couple fish on the river’s edge,
Their shadows deep against the water.
Above, in the stubbled slopes,
Cows climb down
As the heat rises
In a mist of blond locusts,
Returning to the valley.
Rain
When autumn rains flatten sycamore leaves,
The tiny volcanos of dirt
Ants raised around their holes,
I should be out of work.
My silverware and stack of plates will go unused
Like the old, my two good slacks
Will smother under a growth of lint
And smell of the old dust
That rises
When the closet door opens or closes.
The skin of my belly will tighten like a belt
And there will be no reason for pockets.
Harvest
East of the sun’s slant, in the vineyard that never failed,
A wind crossed my face, moving the dust
And a portion of my voice a step closer to a new year.
The sky went black in the ninth hour of rolling trays,
And in the distance ropes of rain dropped to pull me
From the thick harvest that was not mine.
Fog
If you go to your window
You will notice a fog drifting in.
The sun is no stronger than a flashlight.
Not all the sweaters
Hung in closets all summer
Could soak up this mist. The fog:
A mouth nibbling everything to its origin,
Pomegranate trees, stolen bicycles,
The string of lights at a used-car lot,
A Pontiac with scorched valves.
In Fresno the fog is passing
The young thief prying a window screen,
Graying my hair that falls
And goes unfound, my fingerprints
Slowly growing a fur of dust—
One hundred years from now
There should be no reason to believe
I lived.
Daybreak
In this moment when the light starts up
In the east and rubs
The horizon until it catches fire,
We enter the fields to hoe,
Row after row, among the small flags of onion,
Waving off the dragonflies
That ladder the air.
And tears the onions raise
Do not begin in your eyes but in ours,
In the salt blown
From one blister into another;
They begin in knowing
You will never waken to bear
The hour timed to a heart beat,
The wind pressing us closer to the ground.
When the season ends,
And the onions are unplugged from their sleep,
We won’t forget what you failed to see,
And nothing will heal
Under the rain’s broken fingers.>
诗歌的分析与解读
这首诗生动地捕捉了一个人与自然世界之间的亲密关系，特别是山谷的农业景观。丰富的意象和感官描绘唤起了塑造环境和说话者体验的尘土、风、阳光、雨和星星。这首诗通过自然和劳动的循环探讨了连接、转变和时间流逝的主题。
说话者描述了风将尘土喷洒到他们的嘴里，以及他们身体上的伤疤和毛孔如何吸收大地，象征着与土地之间深厚的身体和精神纽带。山谷被描绘为生命与贫瘠并存的地方，一块“什么都不发芽”的土壤，暗示着那些耕作它的人所面临的严酷现实。风是一种持续的力量，塑造着景观和其中的生物，从牛骨到昆虫，甚至是说话者自己的呼吸，风将其带走。
这首诗穿越不同的自然元素——星星、阳光、雨、雾和黎明——每一个元素都标志着生命和工作的循环中的一个时刻。星星和月亮引导着夜晚，阳光带来光明和温暖，雨水预示着变化，而雾则模糊和抹去存在的痕迹。最后一节深刻地反思了收获洋葱的劳动，所引发的泪水，以及一个永远无法见证这项工作的成果的人的未实现的存在。
创作背景与作者介绍
这首诗可能源于一个深深扎根于农业生活的背景，可能受到农场工人或生活在乡村山谷的人的经历的启发。作者使用生动的自然意象和感官细节来唤起耕作土地的身体和情感现实。
这位诗人可能是一个对农业劳动有第一手知识的人，或者对农村社区的斗争和韧性有强烈的同情。诗歌的语调既反思又沉重，捕捉了与自然交织的生活的美丽与艰辛。
个人反思
阅读这首诗邀请我们欣赏农村劳动和自然世界中那些安静、常被忽视的方面。它提醒我们，土地不仅仅是背景，而是人类生活中的一个积极参与者，塑造着身份和历史。诗歌将身体感受与情感深度结合在一起，鼓励我们对那些与土地紧密相连并每天面临挑战的人们产生同情。
教育见解与学习要点
学生和儿童可以从这首诗中学习到几个重要的课程：
- 感官意象与描述：这首诗充满了感官细节——触觉、视觉、嗅觉，甚至味觉——这可以帮助学生理解如何在自己的写作中创造生动的意象。
- 自然与劳动的主题：它引入了人与自然的联系、季节的循环以及农业工作的现实。
- 象征与隐喻：这首诗使用风、尘土和星星等象征来传达关于生活、时间和存在的更深层含义。
- 情感表达：它展示了诗歌如何表达复杂的情感，如疲惫、希望和失落。
生活与学习中的实际应用
- 环境意识：学生可以将诗歌的主题与关于生态和关心环境的重要性课程联系起来。
- 文化理解：这首诗提供了对农村和农业生活的洞察，促进对不同生活方式的尊重和理解。
- 写作技能：学习者可以练习写作描述性段落或受自然和个人经历启发的诗歌。
- 同情心发展：讨论这首诗可以帮助学生对与土地相关的工人和社区发展同情心。
阅读理解练习
- 诗中描述了哪些自然元素？列出至少四个。
- 说话者如何描述他们与土地的身体联系？
- 风在诗中扮演了什么角色？
- 星星和月亮在诗中是如何描绘的？
- 这首诗唤起了关于在田野工作时的哪些情感？
- 这首诗对时间流逝和记忆有什么暗示？
- 你认为说话者为什么会说：“我已经开始成为山谷”？
- 这首诗如何描述雨和雾对环境的影响？
- “洋葱引起的泪水”有什么重要性？
- 这首诗是如何结束的，这个结尾给你留下了什么感觉？
答案
- 风、尘土、阳光、星星、雨、雾、河流、月亮。
- 说话者的身体吸收尘土和灰尘；伤疤和毛孔承载着大地，显示出深厚的身体纽带。
- 风塑造了景观，带走呼吸和尘土，象征着变化和运动。
- 星星在黄昏时安静地出现，伴随着夜晚；橙色的月亮像牧羊人一样引导着它们。
- 这首诗唤起了疲惫、联系和对艰辛劳动的安静悲伤。
- 它暗示时间通过自然循环流逝，记忆可能会消退，但土地依然存在。
- 这意味着说话者正在成为土地的一部分，被其塑造和标记，几乎与之不可分辨。
- 雨水压平叶子，预示着工作结束；雾模糊并抹去细节，象征着遗忘或失落。
- 泪水是由洋葱引起的，但也代表了工人之间共同的痛苦和劳动。
- 这首诗以对失落的沉重反思和在雨中未愈合的伤口结束，给人留下了忧郁和怀念的感觉。
这首诗对自然、劳动和人类坚韧的深刻探索，使其成为学生深化对诗歌、环境和同情心理解的宝贵资源。
